A Comprehensive Analysis of the Performance of Hemispherical Solar Distillers with Various Configurations

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt

2 Mechanical Power Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering

10.21608/jctae.2025.385575.1055

Abstract

Solar distillation has emerged as a key innovation within the alternative energy sector, offering a practical method for purifying saline or brackish water to produce potable water suitable for human consumption. Solar distillation has emerged as a key innovation within the alternative energy sector, offering a practical method for purifying saline or brackish water to produce potable water suitable for human consumption. While extensive research has been conducted to improve solar still performance, identifying the most efficient and sustainable design for both industrial and residential use remains a key challenge. This review focuses on evaluating the productivity and efficiency of the hemispherical solar still design. The analysis indicates that design advancements can significantly improve the efficiency and output of hemispherical stills. For example, the integration of parabolic mirrors has been shown to increase productivity by 35% to 70%. Additionally, incorporating vacuum generation systems has demonstrated a further increase in output, reaching up to 70%.

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Journal of Contemporary Technology and Applied Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 1
June 2025
Pages 108-117

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